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2021年09月08日:仙女大星系方向的深空影像-(The Deep Sky Toward Andromeda)
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2023-08-29
2023年08月29日:韦伯影像:不寻常的螺旋星系M66-(Unusual Spiral Galaxy M66 from Webb)
2023年08月29日:韦伯影像:不寻常的螺旋星系M66-(Unusual Spiral Galaxy M66 from Webb)--原图下载{mtitle title="韦伯影像:不寻常的螺旋星系M66"/}Image Credit: NASA, ESA, CSA, JWST;Processing: Brian Tomlinson说明: 为何螺旋星系M66的形状不对称?旋绕螺旋星系中心的气体、尘埃和新诞生恒星之密度波,通常会创造出近乎对称的星系。然而,M66螺旋臂的差异和视觉上的核心移位,皆似乎是与邻近星系M65及NGC 3628先前的近距离接近,以及它们的重力潮汐力之牵引所造成的。在这幅由韦伯太空望远镜所拍摄的红外光主题影像里,这个距离在3千5百万光年左右、跨幅约有100,000光年的螺旋星系,是狮子三重星系之中的最大星系。M66与许多螺旋星系一样,拥有颀长、複杂、且交织着亮星与星系际尘埃的尘埃带。{lamp/}原文:{mtitle title="Unusual Spiral Galaxy M66 from Webb"/}Image Credit: NASA, ESA, CSA, JWST;Processing: Brian TomlinsonExplanation: Why isn't spiral galaxyM66 symmetric? Usually,density waves of gas, dust, and newly formed stars circle aspiral galaxy'scenter and create anearly symmetric galaxy. The differences between M66'sspiral arms and the apparent displacement of itsnucleus are all likely caused by previous close interactions and thetidal gravitational pullsof nearby galaxy neighbors M65 and NGC 3628.The galaxy,featured here in infrared light taken by the James Webb Space Telescope, spans about 100,000light years, lies about 35 million light years distant, and is the largest galaxy in agroup known as theLeo Triplet. Like many spiral galaxies, the long and intricatedust lanes ofM66 are seen intertwined with thebright stars and intergalactic dust that follow the spiral arms.
2023年08月29日
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2023-07-12
2023年07月12日:螺旋星系NGC 1398的环与棒-(Rings and Bar of Spiral Galaxy NGC 1398)
2023年07月12日:螺旋星系NGC 1398的环与棒-(Rings and Bar of Spiral Galaxy NGC 1398)--原图下载{mtitle title="螺旋星系NGC 1398的环与棒"/}Image Credit: Mark Hanson;Data: Mike Selby说明: 为何有些螺旋星系有拱心环呢?这幅主题深空影像,无比清晰的解析了宏伟的螺旋星系NGC 1398。在影像里,螺旋星系NGC 1398的中心,不但有个珍珠环状的恒星、气体和尘埃,还有一道横亘过中心的恒星和气体长棒,而较外围的旋臂也形似缎带。NGC 1398的距离大约有6千5百万光年远,也就是说我们现在所见到的光,大约在恐龙正从地球消失时,就从这个星系出发。这个位在天炉座方向、用小望远镜即可见的美丽星系,核心附近的内环构造,可能是恒星诞生活动造成的扩张密度波,触发源则可能是此星系和另一个星系近距离接近的重力互扰,或者是由于它本身的重力不对称。{lamp/}原文:{mtitle title="Rings and Bar of Spiral Galaxy NGC 1398"/}Image Credit: Mark Hanson;Data: Mike SelbyExplanation: Why do some spiral galaxies have a ring around the center?Spiral galaxy NGC 1398 not only has a ring of pearly stars, gas and dust around its center, but a bar of stars and gas across its center, and spiral arms that appear like ribbons farther out. The featured deep image from Observatorio El Sauce in Chile shows the grand spiral galaxy in impressive detail.NGC 1398 lies about 65 million light years distant, meaning the light we see today left this galaxy when dinosaurs were disappearing from the Earth. The photogenic galaxy is visible with a small telescope toward the constellation of the Furnace (Fornax).The ring near the center is likely an expanding density wave of star formation, caused either by a gravitational encounter with another galaxy, or by the galaxy's own gravitational asymmetries.
2023年07月12日
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2018-02-06
2018年02月06日:星系NGC 474的壳层构造和恆星流-(Galaxy NGC 474: Shells and Star Streams)
2018年02月06日:星系NGC 474的壳层构造和恆星流-(Galaxy NGC 474: Shells and Star Streams)--原图下载{mtitle title="星系NGC 474的壳层构造和恆星流"/}Image Credit: CFHT, Coelum, MegaCam, J.-C. Cuillandre (CFHT) & G. A. Anselmi (Coelum)说明: 星系NGC 474发生了什么事?这些奇特且複杂的多层辉光结构之出现,完全出乎意料之外。因为,在过去的短曝光影像中,并没发现这个椭圆星系有这样的构造。这些壳层的成因目前仍是个谜,但是那些像是潮汐尾的结构,则可能是过去几十亿年来,被吸收的许多小星系之碎片。另一种说法是:这些壳层可能像是池塘中的涟漪一样,是由于NGC 474与上方的螺旋星系不停碰撞所产生的密度波,成为穿过这个庞大星系的涟漪。不管实际成因为何,上面这张主题影像突显了一项逐渐统一的看法:至少有些椭圆星系是产生在不久之前,以及大多数的大星系之外晕并非很平滑,而是带着多次与邻近小星系碰撞和吸积所产生的複杂结构。我们的银河系的外晕,就是这种意外複杂构造的一个例证。NGC 474 位于双鱼座内,离我们约有1亿光年远,跨幅则在250,000光年左右。{lamp/}原文:{mtitle title="Galaxy NGC 474: Shells and Star Streams"/}Image Credit: CFHT, Coelum, MegaCam, J.-C. Cuillandre (CFHT) & G. A. Anselmi (Coelum)Explanation: What's happening to galaxy NGC 474?The multiple layers of emission appear strangely complex and unexpected given the relatively featureless appearance of theelliptical galaxy in less deep images.The cause of the shells is currently unknown, but possiblytidal tails related to debris left over from absorbing numerous small galaxies in the past billion years.Alternatively the shells may be like ripples in a pond, where the ongoing collision with the spiral galaxy just above NGC 474is causing densitywaves to ripple through the galactic giant.Regardless of the actual cause, thefeatured imagedramatically highlights the increasing consensus that at least some ellipticalgalaxieshave formed in the recent past, and that the outer halos of mostlarge galaxies are not really smoothbut have complexities induced by frequent interactions with -- and accretions of --smaller nearby galaxies.The halo of our ownMilky Way Galaxyis one example of suchunexpected complexity.NGC 474 spans about 250,000light years and lies about 100 million light years distant toward the constellation of the Fish(Pisces).
2018年02月06日
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2018-01-23
2018年01月23日:螺旋星系NGC 1398的缎带与珍珠-(Ribbons and Pearls of Spiral Galaxy NGC 1398)
2018年01月23日:螺旋星系NGC 1398的缎带与珍珠-(Ribbons and Pearls of Spiral Galaxy NGC 1398)--原图下载{mtitle title="螺旋星系NGC 1398的缎带与珍珠"/}Image Credit: European Southern Observatory说明: 为什么有些螺旋星系有拱心环呢?螺旋星系NGC 1398的中心,不但有一圈珍珠状的恒星、气体和尘埃,还有一道横亘过中心的恒星和气体长棒,而较外围的旋臂也形似缎带。这幅由位在智利的欧南天文台.帕连那天文台的极大望远镜拍摄之主题影像,无比清晰的解析了这个宏伟的螺旋星系。NGC 1398的距离大约有6千5百万光年远,也就是说我们现在见到的光,大约在恐龙正从地球消失时,就离开了这个星系。这个位在天炉座方向,用小望远镜就得见的美丽星系,核心附近的环状构造,可能是恒星诞生活动造成的扩张密度波,触发源可能是此星系和另一个星系近距离重力接近,或者是由于它本身的重力不对称。{lamp/}原文:{mtitle title="Ribbons and Pearls of Spiral Galaxy NGC 1398"/}Image Credit: European Southern ObservatoryExplanation: Why do some spiral galaxies have a ring around the center?Spiral galaxy NGC 1398 not only has a ring of pearly stars, gas and dust around its center, but a bar of stars and gas across its center, and spiral arms that appear like ribbons farther out. The featured image was taken with ESO's Very Large Telescope at the Paranal Observatory in Chile and resolves this grand spiral in impressive detail.NGC 1398 lies about 65 million light years distant, meaning the light we see today left this galaxy when dinosaurs were disappearing from the Earth. The photogenic galaxy is visible with a small telescope toward the constellation of the Furnace (Fornax).The ring near the center is likely an expanding density wave of star formation, caused either by a gravitational encounter with another galaxy, or by the galaxy's own gravitational asymmetries.
2018年01月23日
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2017-08-08
2017年08月08日:卡西尼号拍摄的土星环密度波-(Density Waves in Saturn's Rings from Cassini)
2017年08月08日:卡西尼号拍摄的土星环密度波-(Density Waves in Saturn's Rings from Cassini)--原图下载{mtitle title="卡西尼号拍摄的土星环密度波"/}Image Credit & License: NASA/<ahref="https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/">JPL/<ahref="http://ciclops.org">SSI;Digital Composite :Emily Lakdawalla (Planetary Society)说明: 是什么造成了土星环上的这些图纹?即将结束13年土星任务的卡西尼号太空船,再次回送了空前细緻与精采的土星巨大环系影像。虽然土星环上的结构之物理成因,并非总是清楚。但是上面这幅影像所呈现的这些土星环之美丽几何图纹,肯定是密度波,是由一颗小卫星以稍微不的轨道距离绕行土星时,系统性扰动环系粒子的轨道所造成之密度波群聚。而影像右下角可见、称为弯曲波的结构,则是另一颗邻近卫星的重力在环系粒子里所造成的垂直波。卡西尼号的最后告别轨道,让这艘太空船能为这个太阳系最宏伟的行星环系统,进行一系列全新的科学量测和造像。{lamp/}原文:{mtitle title="Density Waves in Saturn's Rings from Cassini"/}Image Credit & License: NASA/<ahref="https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/">JPL/<ahref="http://ciclops.org">SSI;Digital Composite :Emily Lakdawalla (Planetary Society)Explanation: What causes the patterns in Saturn's rings? The Cassini spacecraft, soon ending its 13 years orbiting Saturn, has sent back another spectacular image of Saturn's immense ring system in unprecedented detail. The physical cause for some of Saturn's ring structures is not always understood. The cause for the beautifully geometric type of ring structure shown here in ring of Saturn, however, is surely a density wave. A small moon systematically perturbing the orbits of ring particles circling Saturn at slightly different distances causes such a density wave bunching. Also visible on the lower right of the image is a bending wave, a vertical wave in ring particles also caused by the gravity of a nearby moon. Cassini's final orbits are allowing a series of novel scientific measurements and images of the Solar System's most grand ring system.
2017年08月08日
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2017-06-14
2017年06月14日:M89: 有外层气穀与气柱的椭圆星系-(M89: Elliptical Galaxy with Outer Shells and Plumes)
2017年06月14日:M89: 有外层气穀与气柱的椭圆星系-(M89: Elliptical Galaxy with Outer Shells and Plumes)--原图下载{mtitle title="M89: 有外层气穀与气柱的椭圆星系"/}Image Credit & Copyright: Mark Hanson说明: 你看得到这些结构吗?着名的梅西叶天体M89,是一个看似单纯的椭圆星系,但周围却环绕着暗淡的气壳和气柱。这些气壳的成因目前不明,但可能和这个星系在过去数十亿年之中,吞食难以数计的小星系时孑遗的潮汐尾有关。另一个可能的成因是:这些气壳像池塘里的涟漪,起源自这个星系最近和另一个大星系互撞,所激发的密度波通过这个大型星系。不论确切的成因为何,这幅主题影像突显了渐为大家所接受的事实:至少有部分椭圆星系是形成于不久之前,此外,大多数大星系的外晕并不平滑,而是拥有经常与小星系交互作用或吸积小星系所形成複杂结构。我们银河系的外晕,就是具有这种複杂结构的例证之一。距离我们约5千万光年远的M89,是邻近室女座星系团的成员。{lamp/}原文:{mtitle title="M89: Elliptical Galaxy with Outer Shells and Plumes"/}Image Credit & Copyright: Mark HansonExplanation: Can you see them?This famous Messier object M89, a seemingly simple elliptical galaxy, is surrounded by faint shells and plumes.The cause of the shells is currently unknown, but possiblytidal tails related to debris left over from absorbing numerous small galaxies in the past billion years.Alternatively the shells may be like ripples in a pond, where a recent collision with another large galaxy created densitywaves that ripple through this galactic giant.Regardless of the actual cause, thefeatured imagehighlights the increasing consensus that at least some ellipticalgalaxieshave formed in the recent past, and that the outer halos of mostlarge galaxies are not really smoothbut have complexities induced by frequent interactions with -- and accretions of --smaller nearby galaxies.The halo of our ownMilky Way Galaxyis one example of suchunexpected complexity.M89 is a member of the nearby Virgo cluster of galaxies which lies about 50 million light years distant.
2017年06月14日
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