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2021-10-17
2021年10月17日:爱因斯坦的重力透镜十字架-(The Einstein Cross Gravitational Lens)
2021年10月17日:爱因斯坦的重力透镜十字架-(The Einstein Cross Gravitational Lens)--原图下载{mtitle title="爱因斯坦的重力透镜十字架"/}Image Credit & License: J. Rhoads(Arizona State U.) et al.,WIYN,AURA,NOIRLab,NSF说明: 大部份的星系只有单一个核心,不过,上面这个星系真的有四个核心吗? 由于这种答案实在太怪异了,让天文学家断言,在这张影像里,根本就看不见这个星系的核心。影像中心的苜蓿叶形天体,其实是来自一个位于背景的类星体,由于前景星系的强大重力场,才把遥远类星体的光,分裂成四个独立的影像。要出现这种类似海市蜃楼的现象,类星体要恰好排列在大质量星系核心的正后方。 这个效应称为重力透镜,而上面这种形态的影像称为爱因斯坦十字架。更有意思的是,这例爱因斯坦十字架的亮度会有变化,会因为前景星系中恒星所造成的重力微透镜效应,亮度偶而会增加。{lamp/}原文:{mtitle title="The Einstein Cross Gravitational Lens"/}Image Credit & License: J. Rhoads(Arizona State U.) et al.,WIYN,AURA,NOIRLab,NSFExplanation: Most galaxies have a single nucleus -- does this galaxy have four? The strange answer leads astronomers to conclude that the nucleus of the surrounding galaxy is not even visible in this image. The central cloverleaf is rather light emitted from a background quasar. The gravitational field of the visible foreground galaxy breaks light from this distant quasar into four distinct images. The quasar must be properly aligned behind the center of a massive galaxy for a mirage like this to be evident. The general effect is known as gravitational lensing, and this specific case is known as the Einstein Cross. Stranger still, the images of the Einstein Cross vary in relative brightness, enhanced occasionally by the additional gravitational microlensing effect of specific stars in the foreground galaxy.
2021年10月17日
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2017-12-17
2017年12月17日:爱因斯坦的重力透镜十字架 -(The Einstein Cross Gravitational Lens)
2017年12月17日:爱因斯坦的重力透镜十字架 -(The Einstein Cross Gravitational Lens)--原图下载{mtitle title="爱因斯坦的重力透镜十字架 "/}Image Credit & Copyright: J. Rhoads(Arizona State U.) et al.,WIYN,AURA,NOAO,NSF说明: 大部份的星系只有单一个核心,不过,上面这个星系真的有四个核心吗? 由于这种答案实在太怪异了,让天文学家断言,在这张影像里,根本就看不见这个星系的核心。影像中心的苜蓿叶形天体,实际上是因为前景星系的强大重力场,才把遥远类星体的光,分裂成四个单独的影像。要出现这种类似海市蜃楼的现象,类星体要恰好排列在大质量星系核心的正后方。 这个效应称为重力透镜,而上面这种形态的影像称为爱因斯坦十字架。更有意思的是,这个爱因斯坦十字架的亮度会有变化,会因为前景星系中恒星所造成的重力微透镜效应,亮度偶而会增加。{lamp/}原文:{mtitle title="The Einstein Cross Gravitational Lens"/}Image Credit & Copyright: J. Rhoads(Arizona State U.) et al.,WIYN,AURA,NOAO,NSFExplanation: Most galaxies have a single nucleus -- does this galaxy have four? The strange answer leads astronomers to conclude that the nucleus of the surrounding galaxy is not even visible in this image. The central cloverleaf is rather light emitted from a background quasar. The gravitational field of the visible foreground galaxy breaks light from this distant quasar into four distinct images. The quasar must be properly aligned behind the center of a massive galaxy for a mirage like this to be evident. The general effect is known as gravitational lensing, and this specific case is known as the Einstein Cross. Stranger still, the images of the Einstein Cross vary in relative brightness, enhanced occasionally by the additional gravitational microlensing effect of specific stars in the foreground galaxy.
2017年12月17日
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2012-04-15
2012年04月15日:海市蜃楼造成了铁达尼号船难?-(Fata Morgana: A Possibly Titanic Mirage)
2012年04月15日:海市蜃楼造成了铁达尼号船难?-(Fata Morgana: A Possibly Titanic Mirage)--原图下载{mtitle title="海市蜃楼造成了铁达尼号船难?"/}Image Credit & Copyright: Mila Zinkova说明: 这种的海市蜃楼造成了铁达尼号的沈没吗?海市蜃楼 (Fata Morgana)能让幻形或水墙,出现在水光摇曳的远方地平线上。当条件合适时,从冰冷海面反射的光,被罩在上方的一层不寻常暖空气渐次偏折,从不同的角度射向观察者。概念上相似的过程,能让落日变得奇形怪状,让柏油路显得溼淋淋的。一百年前的今天,海市蜃楼可能也遮掩了冰山,让铁达尼号上的人员视无所见。支持这种想法的佐证有:邻近的加州人号货轮 (SS Californian)的目击报告,与见到海市蜃楼相符。上面这幅海市蜃楼景观,2008年摄于美国的太平洋东岸。{lamp/}原文:{mtitle title="Fata Morgana: A Possibly Titanic Mirage"/}Image Credit & Copyright: Mila ZinkovaExplanation: Did this mirage help sink the Titanic?The optical phenomenon called Fata Morgana can make strange shapes or a false wall of water appear above a watery horizon. When conditions are right, light reflecting off of cold water will be bent by an unusual layer of warm air above to arrive at the observer from several different angles. A conceptually comparablemirage can make a setting Sun appear strangely distorted or adistant pavement appear wet.One hundred years ago today, such a Fata Morgana mirage might have obscured real icebergs from the clear view of crew onboard the Titanic.Additional evidence for this distortion hypothesis arises from the nearby vessel SS Californian which reported sightings consistent with Fata Morgana mirages.The above Fata Morgana mirage was taken off the US Pacific coast in 2008.
2012年04月15日
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2011-10-10
2011年10月10日:阿根廷的奇怪日出-(A Strange Sunrise Over Argentina)
2011年10月10日:阿根廷的奇怪日出-(A Strange Sunrise Over Argentina)--原图下载{mtitle title="阿根廷的奇怪日出"/}Image Credit & Copyright: Luis Argerich说明: 这次日出怎么显得特别怪异呢?仍旧无人知晓。上个月从阿根廷布宜诺斯艾利斯拍下这奇怪的日出,到底是甚么东西呢?前方的水体是被认为可能是世界上最宽广的河流-拉普拉塔河(Rio de La Plata)。然而,这张影像事实上仅需要短时间曝光,让太阳那部分不要过度曝光即可拍下,然而,摄影师乃是亲眼目睹这个奇怪的景色,认为这并不是光线反射或者是相机镜片造成的变形。这个看似怪物手臂的画面,可能是低层云系厚度刚好散射太阳光,但是又不完全遮蔽住太阳所造成的。另外,太阳底部的失真可能是水面上空气反射太阳光线所造成的,类似伊楚利亚花瓶或海市蜃楼的现象。异常的大气现象经常是个人独享的,虽然大部分可追溯到一些已知的现象,然而其他的部分却会因为缺乏数据而更显得神秘许多。{lamp/}原文:{mtitle title="A Strange Sunrise Over Argentina"/}Image Credit & Copyright: Luis ArgerichExplanation: Why would a rising Sun look so strange?No one is yet sure. What is clear is that the above unusual sunrise was captured last month from Buenos Aires, Argentina.The body of water in the foreground is Rio de La Plata, considered by many to be the widest river in the world.Although the above image is actually a combination of a normal and a very short exposure needed to avoid oversaturating the bright Sun, the photographer saw this unusual structure with his own eyes, indicating that this effect was caused by neither reflections nor distortions in the camera or lens.What looks like arms on this monster illusion might actually be, for example, low level clouds just thick enough to scatter sunlight without completely blocking the Sun.Additionally, the distortion visible on the lower part of the Sun's image might indicate a Etruscan Vase or Fata Morganamirage possibly created by a curious refracting layer of air over the water.Unusual atmospheric phenomena are frequently thrilling to see personally, and although most can be traced to well known phenomena, others, for lack of more data, remain mysterious.
2011年10月10日
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2010-02-07
2010年02月07日:爱因斯坦重力透镜十字架-(The Einstein Cross Gravitational Lens)
2010年02月07日:爱因斯坦重力透镜十字架-(The Einstein Cross Gravitational Lens)--原图下载{mtitle title="爱因斯坦重力透镜十字架"/}Credit & Copyright: J. Rhoads (ASU) et al., WIYN, AURA,NOAO, NSF说明: 绝大部份的星系只有单一个核心,不过,上面这个星系真得有四个核心吗?由于这种答案实在太怪异了,让天文学家断定在这张影像里看不见这个星系的核心。中央苜蓿状的天体,实际上是来自背景类星体的光,因为前景星系的强大重力场,才把遥远类星体的光分裂成四个单独的影像。要出现这种类似海市蜃楼的现象,类星体要恰好位在大质量星系核心的正后方。这个效应称为重力透镜,而上面这种形态的影像称为爱因斯坦十字架。更有意思的是,爱因斯坦十字架有亮度的变化,它会因为前景星系中恒星所造成的重力微透镜效应,亮度偶而会增加。{lamp/}原文:{mtitle title="The Einstein Cross Gravitational Lens"/}Credit & Copyright: J. Rhoads (ASU) et al., WIYN, AURA,NOAO, NSFExplanation: Most galaxies have a single nucleus -- does this galaxy have four? The strange answer leads astronomers to conclude that the nucleus of the surrounding galaxy is not even visible in this image. The central cloverleaf is rather light emitted from a background quasar. The gravitational field of the visible foreground galaxy breaks light from this distant quasar into four distinct images. The quasar must be properly aligned behind the center of a massive galaxy for a mirage like this to be evident. The general effect is known as gravitational lensing, and this specific case is known as the Einstein Cross. Stranger still, the images of the Einstein Cross vary in relative brightness, enhanced occasionally by the additional gravitational microlensing effect of specific stars in the foreground galaxy.
2010年02月07日
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